Tinyterm compression mode crack#

These photon pairs without net electromagnetic field do not reflect back from the metal walls but escape from the resonator. However, the photons themselves do not vanish for nothing but continue in propagation. At the destructive interference electromagnetic fields cancel. In the thruster’s cavity microwaves interfere with each other and invariably some photons will also end up co-propagating with opposite phases. We consider the possibility that the exhaust is in a form that has so far escaped both experimental detection and theoretical attention. Thus the Law of Action-Reaction seems to have been violated. However, the measured thrust appears to be without any apparent exhaust. Namely, closed metal cavities, when fueled with microwaves, have delivered thrust that could eventually maintain satellites on orbits using solar power. Recent reports about propulsion without reaction mass have been met on one hand with enthusiasm and on the other hand with some doubts. It is found that the growth of fractality in nature corresponds to an irreversible process. As fractality is observed across different topics, our results are generalized by using the Onsager’s coefficient for any system characterized by fractal volumes. It is found that the growth of the fractal cracks increases the entropy prior impending earthquakes. That is why this work presents the derivation of the entropy changes generated by the lithospheric cracking.

Tinyterm compression mode crack#

Nevertheless, there is still not a proper thermodynamic description of lithospheric crack generation. That is, the crack generation of the lithosphere corresponds to the manifestation of an irreversible process evolving from one steady state to another. One of the main physical properties of this theory is their consistency regarding the second law of thermodynamics. The seismo-electromagnetic theory describes the growth of fractally distributed cracks within the lithosphere that generate the emission of magnetic anomalies prior to large earthquakes.